PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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Prepare for the PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation Exam. Enhance your learning with expertly curated questions and detailed explanations to excel in your surgical rotation assessment. Start today!

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In elderly patients, renal concentrating ability is likely to:

Decrease significantly
Improve markedly
Remain constant
Fluctuate greatly

The correct answer is: Decrease significantly

In elderly patients, renal concentrating ability is likely to decrease significantly due to age-related changes in the kidneys. As individuals age, there is a natural decline in renal function, characterized by reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and impaired ability to concentrate urine. This decline is influenced by structural changes in the kidneys, such as the loss of nephrons and reduced responsiveness to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is crucial for concentrating urine. The kidneys' ability to increase water reabsorption in response to dehydration or high solute load deteriorates in older adults, leading to a diminished capacity to conserve water. Consequently, this can result in increased urine volume and a higher risk of dehydration, especially when fluid intake is inadequate. Understanding these age-related changes is essential for managing fluid and electrolyte balance in elderly patients, as it affects their overall health and can complicate various medical conditions.