PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is a common complication associated with Chron's disease?

1. Constipation

2. Anal fistula or abscess

3. Hemorrhoids

4. Gastroesophageal reflux

The correct answer is: Anal fistula or abscess

Anal fistulas and abscesses are common complications that can arise in patients with Crohn's disease due to the chronic inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal tract. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, but it most commonly affects the ileum and the colon. The inflammation can lead to the development of abnormal connections (fistulas) between the intestine and other structures, such as the skin, which can result in significant discomfort and require surgical intervention. Additionally, localized infections or inflammation in the anal region can lead to abscess formation, presenting with pain and sometimes fever. While constipation, hemorrhoids, and gastroesophageal reflux can occur in the general population and may be seen in patients with Crohn's disease, they are not specifically associated as direct complications of the disease itself. Fistulas and abscesses are more representative of the disease's chronic and often aggressive nature. Therefore, recognizing anal fistula and abscess as a common complication highlights the unique challenges in managing patients with Crohn's disease beyond just the gastrointestinal symptoms.