PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the classification of operative wounds where the respiratory, alimentary, genital, or urinary tract is entered under controlled conditions without unusual contamination?

1. Contaminated

2. Dirty or infected

3. Clean-contaminated

4. Clean

The correct answer is: Clean-contaminated

The classification of operative wounds entered under controlled conditions, specifically when there is an entry into the respiratory, alimentary, genital, or urinary tract without unusual contamination, is known as clean-contaminated wounds. In surgical terminology, this classification indicates that while there is an intentional breach of a sterile field by entering a body cavity normally inhabited by bacteria, such as the gastrointestinal tract or the respiratory system, the procedure is performed under controlled conditions which minimize the potential for significant contamination. This means that although there are bacteria present, they are not typically associated with infection due to the manner in which the surgery is conducted, including the use of sterile techniques and proper preoperative preparation. Understanding this classification is essential for predicting the likelihood of postoperative infections and managing patient care accordingly. Clean-contaminated wounds have a higher risk of developing infections compared to clean wounds, where no breach occurs, but have a lower risk than contaminated or dirty wounds, where significant contamination or infection exists prior to surgical intervention.