PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the most common benign breast tumor found in late teens to early twenties?

1. Breast cyst

2. Fibroadenoma

3. Intraductal papilloma

4. Fat necrosis

The correct answer is: Fibroadenoma

Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors encountered in young women, particularly those in their late teens to early twenties. These tumors are characterized by a well-defined, mobile, and rubbery mass that often presents as a painless lump. They are generally hormonally sensitive, which is why they frequently occur during this developmental stage when estrogen levels are relatively high. Fibroadenomas are composed of both glandular and stromal tissue, making them distinct in their pathological features. Their prevalence during the teenage and young adult years is linked to hormonal changes that can stimulate their growth. Although other benign conditions like breast cysts can also occur in this age group, they are more common as women approach their thirties and forties. Considering intraductal papillomas and fat necrosis, these conditions generally appear in different age demographics and clinical contexts. Intraductal papillomas typically present later in life, while fat necrosis is usually associated with trauma or prior surgery, which is less relevant to the demographic in question. Thus, fibroadenomas stand out as the principal benign breast tumors in younger women, making them the appropriate answer.